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Pathway Focus: The T Cell Receptor (TCR) Pathway
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TCR Signaling Pathway Antibodies—ABfinity™ Technology Ensures Lot-to-Lot Consistency
The T cell receptor (TCR) is a complex of integral membrane proteins that participates in the activation of T cells in response to the presentation of antigen. Stimulation of the TCR is triggered by major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules on antigen-presenting cells, inducing a series of intracellular signaling cascades that ultimately result in cellular proliferation, differentiation, cytokine production, and/or activation-induced cell death. ABfinity™ recombinant monoclonal antibodies are now available for various members of the TCR pathway, enabling sensitive, specific detection of changes in expression, activity level, and phosphorylation state. | ABfinity™ antibodies, produced by proprietary Invitrogen technology, are developed by immunizing animals, screening for desired functionality, and then cloning the immunogen-specific antibody genes into high-level expression vectors. The antibodies are produced on a large scale by proprietary expression methods followed by purification with affinity chromatography. ABfinity™ antibodies are produced under ISO conditions with the highest quality controls, and maximum efforts are taken to ensure that every lot performs consistently.
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| Figure 1. Flow cytometry analysis of Jurkat cells labeled with rabbit anti-ZAP-70 [pY315/pY319]. Jurkat cells were fixed and permeabilized using FIX & PERM® reagents. Cells were then stained with 2 μg/test anti-ZAP-70 [pY315/pY319] followed by Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti-rabbit Ig (gray trace). Pre-incubation with the phosphopeptide used as an immunogen decreased the signal (red trace) while pre-incubation with non-phosphopeptide had no effect (blue trace). Note that blue and gray traces are nearly identical. | ||
| Figure 2. Immunocytochemistry of Jurkat cells labeled with rabbit anti-ZAP-70 [pY315/pY319]. Jurkat cells were either untreated (top left) or treated with H2O2 (top right, bottom) and labeled with rabbit anti-ZAP-70 [pY315/pY319] (2 µg/ml). Alexa Fluor® 488 goat anti-rabbit at 1:1,000 was used as secondary antibody. Pre-incubation of treated cells with phosphopeptide immunogen decreased signal (bottom right) while pre-incubation with non-phosphopeptide did not (bottom right). Nucleus is stained with Hoescht (blue), AF488 signal (ZAP-70 [pY315/pY319], green). |
![Flow cytometry analysis of Jurkat cells labeled with rabbit anti-ZAP-70 [pY315/pY319]](javascript:CFC_popup('/etc/medialib/en/images/ics_organized/other/BioPathOnline/Punch-Outs/Issue-0310.Par.46648.Image.-1.-1.1.gif','','resizable=no,location=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=no,status=no,toolbar=no,fullscreen=no,dependent=no,width=525,height=460'))
![Immunocytochemistry of Jurkat cells labeled with rabbit anti-ZAP-70 [pY315/pY319]](javascript:CFC_popup('/etc/medialib/en/images/ics_organized/other/BioPathOnline/Punch-Outs/Issue-0310.Par.48707.Image.-1.-1.1.gif','','resizable=no,location=no,menubar=no,scrollbars=no,status=no,toolbar=no,fullscreen=no,dependent=no,width=540,height=540'))
(click to enlarge)| Product | Quantity | Species Reactivity | Applications | Cat. No. | |
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| Mnk1 [pT197/pT202] ABfinity™ Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody | 100 µg | Hu, B,* Ch,* Cn,* Cp,* Eq,* Mk,* Ms,* P,* Rt,* Sw,* X,* Z* | F, IF/ICC, WB | 700242 |  |
| T-bet ABfinity™ Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody | 100 µg | Hu, Cp,* Mk* | F, IF/ICC, IHC, WB | 700059 | |
| ERK1/2 [pT185/pY187] ABfinity™ Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody | 100 µg | Hu, B,* Ch,* Cp,* Ms,* Rt,* X,* Z* | E, IHC, WB | 700012 | |
| JNK1-2 [pTpY183/185] ABfinity™ Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody (clone D12H7L17) | 100 µg | Hu, B,* Ch,* Cn,* Cp,* Eq,* Gf,* Mk,* Ms,* Ne*, P,* Or,* Rt,* Sw,* X,* Z* | E, F, IF/ICC, IHC, WB | 700031 | |
| JAK1 [pY1022/pY1023] ABfinity™ Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody - Purified | 100 µg | Hu, B,* Ca,* Cp,* Eq,* Mk,* Ms,* Rt,* Sw,* X,* Z* | WB | 700028 | |
| ZAP-70 [pY315/pY319] ABfinity™ Recombinant Rabbit Monoclonal Antibody | 100 µg | Ms, Ha,* Rt* | WB, F, ICC | 700177 | |
*Reactivity predicted but not tested.
Reactivity: B = bovine; Ch = chicken; Cn = canine; Cp = chimpanzee; Eq = equine; Gf = goldfish; Mk = monkey (rhesus); Ms = mouse; Ne = nematode; P = primate; Or = orangutan; Rt = rat; Sw = swine; X = Xenopus; Z = zebrafish.
Applications: E = ELISA; F = flow cytometry; ICC = immunocytochemistry; IF = immunofluorescence; IHC = immunohistochemistry; WB = western blotting.
Recombinant Mouse Sonic Hedgehog C25II
The Hedgehog signaling pathway is known for its role in development, but has also been shown to play a role in TCR signaling. In mature peripheral T cells, events induced by the Hedgehog pathway have shown to inhibit TCR-related activation and proliferation. | The Hedgehog pathway has also been shown to influence TCR repertoire selection in the thymus. We offer bioactive recombinant mouse sonic hedgehog C25II for use in cell culture applications.
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| Description | Quantity | Cat. No. | |
| Recombinant mouse sonic hedgehog C25II | 10 µg | PMC8034 |  |
| Recombinant mouse sonic hedgehog C25II | 100 µg | PMC8031 | |
Measure IL-2 Production in T Cells with ELISA—Easy-to-Use Invitrogen™ ELISA kits
The T cell receptor (TCR) is a complex of integral membrane proteins that participates in the activation of T cells in response to the presentation of antigen. IL 2, formerly called T cell growth factor, is a 14–16 kDa glycosylated polypeptide produced by activated CD4+ TH cells which acts within an autocrine way to promote growth of T cells and NK cells. T cells respond to IL 2 via binding to high-affinity IL 2 receptors. | Precisely measure IL-2 in a variety of species, including human, mouse, rat, and monkey using precoated Invitrogen™ ELISA kits. ELISA kits provide an easy and reliable way to quantify the amount of IL-2 in your serum, plasma, or supernatant sample. Economy pack sizes are available for your convenience, and for additional savings, matched antibody pairs are available.
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| Figure 3. Invitrogen™ ELISA kits provide an easy, reliable method for quantifying IL-2. | ||
| Figure 4. Mouse IL-2 parallelism using the IL-2 Mouse ELISA Kit (Cat. No. KMC0021). IL-2 was serially diluted in standard diluent buffer. The optical density of each dilution was plotted against the standard curve. Parallelism between the natural and recombinant protein was demonstrated, indicating that the standard accurately reflects natural Ms IL-2 content in samples. |
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| Table 1. Sixteen sera and sixteen plasma (heparin) samples were evaluated in this assay. All samples measured <15.6 pg/mL (the lowest Ms IL-2 standard). Mouse splenocytes were cultured and the supernatants were assayed for Ms IL-2 released. |
| Product | Range | Sample Volume Needed | Incubation Time | Quantity | Cat. No. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ELISA Kits | ||||||
| IL-2 Human ELISA Kit | 15.6–1,000 pg/mL | 15.6–1,000 pg/mL | 3 hrs | 96 tests | KHC0021 | |
| IL-2 Human ELISA Kit | 15.6–1,000 pg/mL | 15.6–1,000 pg/mL | 3 hrs | 192 tests | KHC0022 | |
| IL-2 Human ELISA Kit | 15.6–1,000 pg/mL | 15.6–1,000 pg/mL | 3 hrs | 480 tests | KHC0021C | |
| IL-2 Mouse ELISA Kit | 15.6–1,000 pg/mL | 15.6–1,000 pg/mL | 3 hrs | 96 tests | KMC0021 | |
| IL-2 Mouse ELISA Kit | 15.6–1,000 pg/mL | 15.6–1,000 pg/mL | 3 hrs | 192 tests | KMC0022 | |
| IL-2 Mouse ELISA Kit | 15.6–1,000 pg/mL | 15.6–1,000 pg/mL | 3 hrs | 480 tests | KMC0021C | |
| IL-2 Rat ELISA Kit | 23.4–1,000 pg/mL | 23.4–1,000 pg/mL | 3 hrs | 96 tests | KRC0021 | |
| IL-2 Rat ELISA Kit | 23.4–1,000 pg/mL | 23.4–1,000 pg/mL | 3 hrs | 192 tests | KRC0022 | |
| IL-2 Monkey ELISA Kit | 3.9–250 pg/mL | 3.9–250 pg/mL | 4 hrs | 96 tests | KPC0021 | |
| IL-2 Monkey ELISA Kit | 3.9–250 pg/mL | 3.9–250 pg/mL | 4 hrs | 192 tests | KPC0022 | |
Antibody Pairs (User Flexibility) | ||||||
| IL-2 Human Antibody Pair | -- | -- | -- | 10 Plates | CHC1243 | |
For research use only. Not intended for human or animal therapeutic or diagnostic use.
